Mapping the Adoption Gradient of Emerging Technologies in Academic Libraries: A Survey of Kogi State Tertiary Institutions

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The study evaluated the adoption rate of emerging technologies for service delivery and identified key operational challenges in tertiary institution libraries across Kogi State, Nigeria. Utilizing a descriptive survey research design, data were collected using the structured questionnaire from 92 librarians across seven institutions selected through sequential mixed sampling procedure. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, results revealed a low overall adoption rate. Out of thirteen evaluated technologies, only five met the adoption threshold: Web 2.0/3.0 tools, institutional repositories, internet integration, artificial intelligence resources, and cloud computing. Conversely, complex innovations like big data analytics and virtual reality remained unadopted. These findings indicate that technological lag stems from structural and resource deficits rather than behavioral resistance. Library administrators and institutional policymakers must prioritize strategic ICT funding, phased technology implementation, and continuous technical capacity building to enhance service delivery.